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塑料条约政府间谈判第三次会议在肯尼亚召开
A large group of international negotiators and United Nations representatives are meeting in Nairobi, Kenya this week.
本周，一大批国际谈判代表和联合国代表在肯尼亚首都内罗毕举行会议。
They aim to take the next step in creating a document that hopes to stop plastic pollution around the world.
他们的目标是采取下一步行动，创建一份希望在全球阻止塑料污染的文件。
The meeting is the third of an expected five gatherings of what the UN calls an intergovernmental negotiating committee, or INC, under the UN Environment Programme.
这次会议是联合国环境规划署下属的政府间谈判委员会预计召开的五次会议中的第三次。
The final meeting will be late in 2024.
最后一次会议将于2024年晚些时候举行。
By then, the UN hopes to have an agreement that will have the force of law in countries that agree to it.
到那时，联合国希望达成一项在同意该协议的国家具有法律效力的协议。
The agreement would limit plastic production and provide rules on how to throw away or recycle plastic products currently in use.
该协议将限制塑料生产，并就如何丢弃或回收目前使用的塑料产品制定规定。
Kenya is one of the most restrictive countries in the world.
肯尼亚是世界上限制最严格的国家之一。
In 2017, the East African nation banned the manufacture, sale and use of plastic bags that can be used only one time.
2017年，这个东非国家禁止生产、销售和使用只能使用一次的塑料袋。
Lawbreakers can face five years in jail and fines.
违法者可能会面临五年监禁和罚款。
In 2019, Kenya banned single-use plastics such as water bottles and drinking straws from being used in parks, forests, beaches and other protected natural areas.
2019年，肯尼亚禁止在公园、森林、海滩和其他受保护的自然区域使用水瓶和吸管等一次性塑料。
The most recent meeting was held in Paris in June.
最近一次会议于6月在巴黎举行。
There was disagreement over how the rules should affect oil-producing countries.
对于这些规定应该如何影响产油国，各方存在分歧。
Plastic is largely made from oil.
塑料主要是由石油制成的。
However, the June meeting ended with an agreement to create an "initial treaty text" or an outline that will be refined this week.
然而，6月的那次会议最终达成了一项协议，即制定一份“初始条约提纲”，并将于本周进行完善。
Bjorn Beeler is with the International Pollutants Elimination Network, a group of environmental nonprofits.
比约恩·比勒就职于国际消除污染物网络，这是一个非营利性环境组织。
He said the text is like a large food list at a restaurant - a menu.
他说，这份提纲就像餐馆里的一份大的食物清单——菜单。
The job this week is for the negotiators to choose what they want for the treaty.
本周的任务是让谈判代表选择他们想要的条约内容。
He said the treaty will grow as those in Nairobi this week present their ideas.
他说，随着本周在内罗毕的与会者提出他们的想法，条约的内容会增加。
Beeler's group hopes the document deals with bad chemicals used in the creation of plastics.
比勒所在的组织希望这份文件能处理塑料制造过程中使用的有害化学物质。
Kenya's president is William Ruto.
肯尼亚总统是威廉·鲁托。
He said the treaty will be the "first domino" in a move away from plastic.
他说，该条约将成为摆脱塑料的“第一张多米诺骨牌”。
Dominos is a game in which the pieces connect to each other.
多米诺骨牌是一种骨牌相互连接的游戏。
Gustavo Adolfo Meza-Cuadra Velasquez is a permanent member of the UN from Peru.
来自秘鲁的古斯塔沃·阿道夫·梅萨-夸德拉·贝拉斯克斯是联合国永久成员。
He is the head of the negotiating committee.
他是政府间谈判委员会的主席。
He called the need to deal with the world's plastic pollution "urgent" and said the world needs to work together "to bring a difference at the scale required."
他称，处理全球塑料污染的必要性“迫在眉睫”，并表示全世界需要共同努力“在所需的规模上带来改变”。
Two of the nations pushing an agreement are Norway and Rwanda.
推动达成协议的两个国家是挪威和卢旺达。
The nations released a statement earlier this month calling for an "ambitious" treaty that will protect human life and the environment.
本月早些时候，两国发表了一份声明，呼吁达成一项“雄心勃勃的”条约，保护人类生命和环境。
They are concerned about plastic pollution, plastic waste and greenhouse gas emissions.
他们担心塑料污染、塑料垃圾和温室气体排放。
Saudi Arabia is among the countries that have large oil industries.
沙特阿拉伯是拥有大型石油工业的国家之一。
They want the treaty to center on plastic waste control and not reduce the creation of plastic products.
他们希望该条约以控制塑料垃圾为中心，而不是减少塑料产品的生产。
Environmental activists are concerned that those countries will not cooperate.
环保活动人士担心，这些国家不会合作。
Graham Forbes is with Greenpeace.
格雷厄姆·福布斯供职于绿色和平组织。
He said it was "unfortunate" that a "handful of governments" are putting the interests of chemical companies ahead of "the health of the planet and their own citizens."
他说，“不幸的是”，“少数政府”把化工公司的利益置于“地球及其公民的健康”之上。
Another climate activist is Erik Lindebjerg of the World Wildlife Fund based in Switzerland.
另一位气候活动家是总部设在瑞士的世界自然基金会的埃里克·利伯杰格。
He said the oil producing nations want to make the treaty a "loose voluntary agreement."
他说，石油生产国希望使该条约成为一项“不受约束的自愿协议”。
He wants the agreement to be "a strong treaty."
他希望这项协议成为“一项强有力的条约”。
Negotiators for the U.S. said the treaty should have "meaningful" terms but also leave room for differences between countries so that an agreement can be reached.
美国的谈判代表表示，该条约应该有“有意义的”条款，但也要为各国之间的分歧留出空间，以便达成协议。
Chemical companies and oil companies such as ExxonMobil say they want the treaty to pay more attention to the lifespan of plastics instead of banning them.
化工公司和埃克森美孚等石油公司表示，他们希望该条约更多地关注塑料的使用寿命，而不是禁止使用塑料。
Chris Jahn is a spokesman for the International Council of Chemical Associations.
克里斯·扬是国际化学协会理事会的发言人。
He said the group should center its talks on "ending plastic pollution, not plastic production."
他说，该组织应该重点讨论“结束塑料污染，而不是结束塑料生产”。
Karen McKee of ExxonMobil noted improvements in the ability to recycle plastics at ExxonMobil's center in Baytown, Texas.
埃克森美孚公司的凯伦·麦基指出，埃克森美孚位于得克萨斯州贝敦的中心的塑料回收能力有所提高。
The meeting ends on Sunday.
这次会议将于周日结束。
The next meeting of the INC is next April in Ottawa, Canada.
下一次政府间谈判委员会会议将于明年4月在加拿大渥太华举行。
I'm Dan Friedell.
丹·弗里德尔为您播报。
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发表于 2023-11-23 12:24:38