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海水变暖致大型鱼类陷灭绝危机?
A new study has warned that warming ocean temperatures could threaten some of the largest fish in the sea.
一项新的研究警告称，海洋温度升高可能会威胁到海洋中一些最大的鱼类。
Many scientists believe warming waters are directly linked to the effects of climate change.
许多科学家认为，海水变暖与气候变化的影响直接相关。
Research has shown that rising sea temperatures are especially dangerous for larger fish because warmer waters can harm their open-water environments.
研究表明，海水温度上升对大型鱼类尤其危险，因为较温暖的海水会损害它们的开阔水域环境。
In one recent study, researchers estimated some larger fish species could lose up to 70 percent of their environment, or habitat, by the year 2100.
在最近的一项研究中，研究人员估计，到2100年，一些大型鱼类可能会失去高达70%的栖息地。
These habitat losses could largely remove some of the most economically valuable fish species.
这些栖息地的丧失可能会在很大程度上消灭一些最具经济价值的鱼类。
The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts carried out the study.
马萨诸塞州伍兹霍尔海洋研究所进行了这项研究。
The warning comes after temperatures around the world reached record highs in July.
这一警告是在7月份全球气温创下历史新高后发出的。
Some scientists blame the Pacific Ocean current known as El Nino for the recent heat waves.
一些科学家将最近的热浪归咎于被称为厄尔尼诺的太平洋洋流。
El Nino is a warming of surface water temperatures in the eastern and central Pacific Ocean.
厄尔尼诺现象指的是太平洋东部和中部表层水温升高的现象。
The event usually causes hot, dry weather in Asia and Australia.
这一事件通常会导致亚洲和澳大利亚的天气炎热干燥。
It can also lead to heavier rain in the southern U.S. and southern parts of South America.
它还可能会导致美国南部和南美洲南部地区降雨量增多。
Large fish – such as marlin, skipjack and others – live in areas considered among the fastest warming.
大型鱼类——如马林鱼、鲣鱼等——生活在被认为是全球变暖最快的地区。
Camrin Braun is an ocean scientist and the lead writer of the Woods Hole study.
卡姆林·布劳恩是一位海洋科学家，也是伍兹霍尔研究报告的主要作者。
He told the Associated Press that temperatures in those environments are expected to rise as much as six degrees Celsius by the end of the century.
他告诉美联社，预计到本世纪末，这些环境的气温将会上升6摄氏度。
Such increases would likely start a widespread displacement of the animals, Braun said.
布劳恩说，气温如此上升可能会导致大量动物流离失所。
"For sure, their habitat will change. How they respond to that is an open question," he added.
他补充道：“可以肯定的是，它们的栖息地将会改变。它们如何应对是一个悬而未决的问题”。
Climate scientists have been studying the heating of the world's oceans for many years.
气候科学家多年来一直在研究全球海洋温度上升的问题。
Earlier in 2023, average ocean surface temperatures climbed two-tenths of a degree Celsius in a period of just a few weeks.
2023年早些时候，海洋表面平均温度在短短几周内上升了0.2摄氏度。
The jump surprised even scientists who are used to seeing continued rising temperatures.
就连那些习惯于看到气温持续上升的科学家也对这一跃升感到惊讶。
For large species, longer periods of warming can be harmful because of the animals' temperature needs, said Janet Duffy-Anderson.
珍妮特·达菲-安德森说，对于大型物种来说，由于动物的温度需求，较长的高温时间可能是有害的。
She is chief scientific officer at the Gulf of Maine Research Institute in Portland, Maine.
她是缅因州波特兰市缅因湾研究所的首席科学官。
Duffy-Anderson said large fish are often highly migratory.
达菲-安德森说，大型鱼类通常高度洄游的。
Increased warming could result in some species moving to northern or deeper waters in search of normal temperatures, she added.
她补充说，气温上升可能会导致一些物种向北方或更深的水域移动以寻找正常温度。
The Gulf of Maine lies off the northeastern US and Canada.
缅因湾位于美国东北部与加拿大交界的地方。
It is warming especially quickly.
气候变暖的速度特别快。
This is expected to cause big population movements, especially for species of marlin and tuna.
预计这将会导致大规模的鱼类迁徙，尤其是马林鱼和金枪鱼。
Large fish are important to healthy oceans because many of them, such as white sharks, are predators serving as critical pieces of the top of the food chain.
大型鱼类对健康的海洋很重要，因为其中许多鱼类，如白鲨，是捕食者，是食物链顶端的关键部分。
Some species are also economically important to humans as food.
一些物种作为食物对人类也具有重要的经济价值。
The possible loss of large fish is one of the many results of warming oceans that scientists have warned about this year.
大型鱼类可能会消失，这是科学家今年警告的海洋变暖的众多后果之一。
One study said the collapse of ocean currents that transport heat northward across the North Atlantic could happen by mid-century.
一项研究称，向北跨越北大西洋输送热量的洋流可能会在本世纪中叶崩溃。
In Florida, federal ocean researchers said some ocean coral were losing their color weeks earlier than normal because of record temperatures.
在佛罗里达州，联邦海洋研究人员表示，由于创纪录的气温，一些海洋珊瑚的褪色时间比正常情况提前了几周。
Penny Becker is with the Seattle-based environmental group Island Conservation.
彭妮·贝克尔是西雅图环保组织“岛屿保护”的成员。
She told the AP the threat to large fish is another reason to raise awareness about the different ways climate change is affecting sea life.
她告诉美联社，对大型鱼类的威胁是提高人们对气候变化影响海洋生物不同方式的认识的另一个原因。
"If you're missing these components of these larger fish species, that's a missing hole in the ecosystem," Becker said.
贝克尔说：“如果失去了这些大型鱼类物种，那么生态系统就缺失了一部分”。
I'm Bryan Lynn.
布莱恩·林恩为您播报。
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发表于 2023-11-23 21:16:31